施一公，最新演讲！
2024-04-10
2624
北京时间4月6日晚上9点，耶鲁北京中心。
美东时间当天上午9点，耶鲁大学。
相隔一片大洋和12个小时的时差，第十届耶鲁中美峰会开启。本次峰会以“行稳致远，合作共赢 Forge a Shared Future”为主题，西湖大学校长施一公受邀作主旨演讲。
他“借用”了2008年北京奥运的口号——“同一个世界，同一个梦想”，将所有人的目光聚焦到全人类共同拥有的——“同一界，同一个未来”。
“只有通过国际交流与合作，我们才能拥有美好的、蓬勃的未来。”以此为题，施一公在主旨演讲中分享了不同历史阶段的三个故事。
01容闳与耶鲁
第一个故事，要回溯到19世纪，施一公在许多场合都会拿出来讲一讲。
故事的主人公，叫容闳，后来被称为“中国留学生之父”。
1847年，容闳跟随他的老师布朗前往美国求学，三年后成功考取耶鲁大学，成了中国大地上第一个留美大学生。毕业后，容闳回到祖国，开始了他长达16年游说清政府将学生送往海外接受教育的努力。
1872年，在容闳的不懈推动下，清政府派出第一批赴美留学幼童，开启了中华儿女为追寻民族复兴梦想而负笈海外留学的历史征程。
这些人当中，产生了中国第一所现代大学北洋大学的校长梁敦彦和蔡绍基、清华大学的首任校长唐国安、中华民国首任内阁总理唐绍仪、民国时期的铁路大王詹天佑等。
西湖大学博士生“开学第一课”里也有这个故事
5年前的四月，世界读书日，施一公第一次在校内与所有师生共读了这个故事。
5年后的四月，耶鲁中美峰会，他再度与大家分享容闳与耶鲁的过往，以及他们所共有的、对于“同一个世界”的远见卓识。
“他睿智、执着，爱国而开放，充满激情却又富于理性，十数年如一日推动中国教育走向近代。”施一公说。
原文节选：
The first story began in 1847 when Mr. Yung Wing (容闳) followed his mentor, Priest Brown, to the U.S., becoming one of the first Chinese students to study overseas. He enrolled at Yale three years later and obtained his bachelor's degree in 1854. Yung Wing returned to China soon afterwards and began his 16-year effort of lobbying the Qing government to send students overseas for education. His effort won support from two government heavyweights: Zeng Guofan（曾国藩）and Li Hongzhang（李鸿章）.
In 1872, the Qing government finally approved Yung Wing's proposal. That Summer, 30 Chinese students, aged between 9 and 15, set sail on a steam boat from Shanghai, arrived in San Francisco 33 days later, and were placed into American schools and universities. This program continued for three more years and allowed a total of 120 Chinese students to learn, grow, and explore on the other side of the Pacific Ocean.
In 1881, ordered by the Qing government, 93 students returned to their homeland. They had collectively changed China's course, quietly but profoundly. Among these returnees are Zhan Tianyou (詹天佑), a legendary railroad engineer; Tang Guoan (唐国安), the founding President of Tsinghua University; and Tang Shaoyi (唐绍仪), the first cabinet Prime Minister of the Republic of China.
In 1895, one of these early pioneers, Cai Shaoji (蔡绍基), an alumnus of Yale Law School, assumed the presidency of Peiyang University, arguably China's first modern university. Over the following two decades, several modern higher education institutions were founded in China.
The clear benefits of advanced learning and cultural exchanges motivated the creation of many other programs in China. Among these, the Tsinghua School was established in 1911 as a dedicated preparatory school for college studies in the U.S. In 1925, the Tsinghua School formally became Tsinghua University, with U.S.-trained students coming back to play a crucial role in the university buildup for decades to come.
02中国与美国
时间快进100年，是一个看上去很像，但大不一样的故事。
如果说容闳的故事讲的是西学东渐，那么开启于1978年的第二个故事，则是东西方文化与智慧真正开始交融与生长。
从19世纪耶鲁大学的毕业生远度重洋到中国办学校，到2014年北京耶鲁中心作为耶鲁大学首个校办国外实体中心正式设立，此间的变化也印证了百年来不可阻挡的东西方交流与合作。
1978年，改革开放。
当年12月末，52位中国学生和学者，一个平均年龄42岁的团队，踏上了前往美国求学的航班。这是新中国第一批赴美留学的大陆学子，他们在中美建交前五天踏上了美国的土地。
百年前后的历史画面，似乎在这一刻交叠了。
施一公在美国博士毕业
此后的数十年里，这样的留学生越来越多，施一公自己也是其中一个。1990年4月，他从上海虹桥机场出发赴美求学。那一年，中国大陆有大约两万名学生赴美读博。截至2019年底，已经有超过六百万中国学生在海外获得学位，其中超过半数选择美国。
“在探索人类知识前沿的过程中，中国学生和学者正在全球范围内扮演着越来越重要的角色。”施一公说，有相当数量的留学生毕业后留在美国开拓事业，他们在美国的科研机构和高科技公司做出了可观的贡献；而那些学成回国的留学生，也同样为中国社会的方方面面带来了变革和发展的力量。“中国人的学术发现和技术突破正在深刻地改变着这个世界和我们共同的未来。”
原文节选：
By the end of 2019, more than 4 million Chinese students had returned to their homeland, creating a major force of transformation in every corner of the Chinese society. For another example, in the past 15 years since 2008, the number of innovative new pharmaceuticals approved by China's National Medical Products Administration has increased more than 30-fold compared to the previous 15 years. The vast majority of these drugs were discovered by overseas returnees.
Most importantly, collaboration between Chinese and American scientists is a major source of breakthroughs in basic research. The cross-border flow of students, scholars, entrepreneurs, and tourists has brought tremendous benefits to China, the U.S., and the global community. Now, China hosts approximately half a million international students. Such exchanges are a crucial feature of modern society and a pre-requisite for sharing the same earth planet by all nations and all peoples.
03西湖与世界
与前两个故事相比，最后一个故事才刚刚开始。
“我是改革开放的直接受益者。”施一公在演讲中说，自己生在中国、长在中国，并先后在中美顶尖大学求学、任教，亲身体验了中美教育交流和科学合作的变革性影响。“这段经历塑造了我对人类共同未来的坚定信念，这是一个求同存异的未来，一个深化合作与交流的未来。”
受此激励，他和多位同道一起，于2015年开启了一段新的事业——在中国杭州创办一所高起点、小而精、研究型的大学。“我们共同的梦想，是将她建设成为高水平教育与科研的国际化中心，从这里走出去的新一代学子，能够造福于中国和世界，推动人类文明进步。”
国际化与全球视野，是西湖大学始终秉持的人才培养理念之一。
截至目前，西湖大学聘用了来自全球15个国家和地区的230位学术人才，与海内外45所大学建立合作关系。每年夏天，校内多个学科方向的夏令营也面向全球高中生、大学生开放。
施一公说，这所成长于中国大地的高等学府，正在并将一如继往地以中国、世界和人类的未来为己任。“气候变化、粮食安全、健康危机等，是我们共同面对的挑战，而大学正是应对这些挑战的完美坐标。”
原文节选：
Unlike Yale of more than 300 years old, Westlake University was founded less than six years ago. Supported by both public funding and private philanthropy, Westlake is a new-type research university, the first of its kind in the history of modern China. The word "new-type" defines a new concept and reflects our role as a vanguard in reforming higher education in China. Westlake is governed by a Board of Trustees, and is committed to advancing the frontiers of science and technology by nurturing the next generation of scientists, engineers, and leaders with a global mindset.
At Westlake, we are proud to bring together students, scholars, faculty, and staff from many countries and different cultures. 230 exceptional scientists from 15 countries and regions have joined us as faculty members. Of these, 11 have a Yale background. Both Chinese and English are official languages at Westlake, and all science courses are taught in English.
Last year, we hosted 31 American students on our campus for a summer program. During their stay, they exchanged their views on science, research, society, and the world with local Chinese students. They engaged in collaborative studies, participated in recreational activities, and worked together on research projects. The friendships these students enjoyed in the summer program will continue for many years to come.
We strive to build bridges with institutions worldwide. By now, we have established partnerships with 45 universities worldwide. We played host to 37 students of Cornell University who were stranded in China during the fight against COVID. We enrolled our first undergraduate class of only 60 students in Fall 2022; they will go to our partnering universities in the U.S. for one-semester exchanges in the coming Fall. We are developing a truly international community to build bridges between China and the rest of the world.
Westlake was built in China, but it serves the entire world and all humanities.
主旨演讲的最后，施一公再次回应“同一个世界，同一个未来”的主题。
“我们正身处一个充满不确定性的时代，因此我们将比以往任何时候都更需要全球合作，而这也是中美学术合作与交流的价值所在。”他说，大学是知识、创新和多样化发展的堡垒，正如历史曾上演的那些故事一样，这些合作应是超越政治分歧的，超越国界的。
“与其做历史的旁观者，不如行动起来，创造历史，创造未来。”
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